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| | ==Naija== | | ==Naija== |
| − | ===Alternative forms===
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| − | * return 0.60 976, home 0.56 569, again 0.52 3160, out 0.52 3110, down 0.51 2093, outside 0.50 702, then 0.49 427, later 0.48 1056, meet 0.47 1651
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| | ===Etymology=== | | ===Etymology=== |
| − | Borrowed from English back
| + | From English: ''back'' |
| − | | |
| | ===Pronunciation=== | | ===Pronunciation=== |
| − | * bak | + | * bâk |
| | <sm2>Pcm-ng-back.f.ogg</sm2> | | <sm2>Pcm-ng-back.f.ogg</sm2> |
| | <sm2>Pcm-ng-back.m.ogg</sm2> | | <sm2>Pcm-ng-back.m.ogg</sm2> |
| − |
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| − | ===Frequency===
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| − | * Frequency in NSC treebank: 148
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| − | * Frequency rank in NSC treebank: 100
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| − | * Frequency in raw corpus: 2950
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| − | * Frequency rank in raw corpus: 134
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| − |
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| − | The word is used more orally than in written texts.
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| − |
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| − |
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| − | ===Adverb===
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| − | '''back''':
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| − |
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| − | # where person/someting from dey come.
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| − |
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| − | # - (frequency:2534)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Go '''back''' |(bbc__54302, __no translation__)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|No go '''back'''… , |(IBA_06_Linguistic-Fieldwork_DG__271, Don't go back...)}}
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| − | # case (frequency:49)
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| − |
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| − | # Place
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|No be you dey shout for '''back''' so? |(ABJ_INF_09b_Old-Time-School_M__110, Were you not the one shouting at the back ?)}}
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| − | # obl:mod (frequency:30)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Na '''back''' to square one for Sudan political process. |(bbc__70241, __no translation__)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|The topic “Was It Designed?” wey dey '''back''' of Awake! |(jw__37834, __no translation__)}}
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| − | # dep (frequency:25)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|'''Back''' to top to-top |(bbc__18934, __no translation__)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Wey AC Milan bin don win before '''back''' to '''back''' inside nineteen eighty nine, nineteen ninety. |(WAZK_03_English-Football-Cup_M__44, That AC Milan had won before back to back in 1989/1990.)}}
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| − | # obl:arg (frequency:10)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|'''Back''' to di matter, |(KAD_18_My-Gunners-The-Musician_DG__21, Back to the matter)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|You go go vote, go b~, '''back''' to your work, go where you dey go. (BEN_17_Cctv-Jamb-And-Elections_DG__43, You will go and vote, afterwards, you will go b-... '''back''' to your work, |(or) to anywhere you had planned to go.)}}
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| − | # conj (frequency:9)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|'''Back''', and forth, na im I dey give her twenty four hours ehen. |(NST_cleaned__13017, __no translation__)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|No be dat one wey get '''back''', and front ladder, wey arrange wella? |(ENU_20_Relationship-With-Women_DG__71, Is it not that one that has a back and a front that way ? That is well arranged ?)}}
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| − | # det (frequency:6)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Which '''back'''? |(IBA_09_Leon-And-Amos_DG__269, Which back ?)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Di '''back''' home from South Africa. |(ja102__2172, __no translation__)}}
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| − | # advmod (frequency:6)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Different style, Shuku, all '''back''', two Step, all kind of style dat you want, we do it, den fixing too. |(NST_cleaned__10740, __no translation__)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Whereas, some even go as far '''back''' as being part of Social Democratic Party , one of di oldest political party for Nigeria. |(bbc__99895, __no translation__)}}
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| − | # cc (frequency:5)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|De plait am front, and '''back'''. |(JOS_20_Beauty-Of-Jos_MG__51, We plait our hair to the front, and to the back.)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|E carry am for front, and '''back'''. |(NST_cleaned__24296, __no translation__)}}
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| − | # obj (frequency:4)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Britain and France for '''back'''- '''back''' don di press for dialogue. |(bbc__72838, __no translation__)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Dis na di first time wey any coach go win Champions League '''back''' to '''back''' FIFA's 'Best Awards' |(bbc__41323, __no translation__)}}
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| − | # advcl (frequency:2)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Even though Yekini play for Europe, like many professional players, e later come '''back''' to im kontri to play for Gateway FC at age 41. |(bbc__47668, __no translation__)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Uganda: Bobi Wine don do '''back''' to sender Why Tanzania goment ban Diamond Platnumz not to do show or perform for di kontri Uganda: Museveni dey debate age limit |(bbc__97054, __no translation__)}}
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| − | # cc-conj (frequency:2)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Di midfielder wey get plenti stamina, na im win Leicester Young Player of di Year for di last two seasons '''back''' to '''back'''. |(bbc__36141, __no translation__)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Real Madrid na defending champions and if dem win am again, dem go be di first club for di history of di competition wey go win am '''back''' to '''back'''. |(bbc__84710, __no translation__)}}
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| − | ====Derived forms====
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| − |
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| − | * [[back Nigeria|back Nigeria]]
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Cameroon Territorial Administration Minister, Paul Atanga Nji say de secessionists leader Sisiku Ayuk Tabe and 46 odas weh ngomna force back from Nigeria dey fine and deh don grow fat. |(bbc__24324, __no translation__)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Local tori pipo for Nigeria bin report say di leader of di banned Islamic Movement of Nigeria Ibrahim El-Zakzaky dey on im way back to Nigeria from India wey im and im wife bin travel to go receive medical treatment. |(bbc__64208, __no translation__)}}
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| − | # backup
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|E even dey try for '''back''' up. |(ABJ_INF_03_Nigerian-Men-Dey-Try_DG__65, He even tries as back up)}}
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| − |
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| − | ====Synonyms====
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| − | * return 0.60 976, home 0.56 569, again 0.52 3160, out 0.52 3110, down 0.51 2093, outside 0.50 702, then 0.49 427, later 0.48 1056, meet 0.47 1651
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| − |
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| − | ====Antonyms====
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| − | * return 0.60 976, home 0.56 569, again 0.52 3160, out 0.52 3110, down 0.51 2093, outside 0.50 702, then 0.49 427, later 0.48 1056, meet 0.47 1651
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| − |
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| − | ====Translations====
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| − | * English: no definition
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| − |
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| | ===Noun=== | | ===Noun=== |
| − | back: no definition -- Definition in Naija?
| + | # Part of person / animal body wey no be di front where start from where di neck end for where di spinal cord end. Na im dey opposite chest and belle. |
| − | | + | #:* {{ux|dv| Doctor abeg help me check, I get rashes for '''back'''.| (NSC_2021, Doctor please take a look, I have rashes all over my back.)}} |
| − | | + | # Person [[nyash]]. |
| − | # case (frequency:94)
| + | #:* {{ux|dv| You want marry woman because of '''back'''.|(NSC_2021, You want to marry a woman because of her buttocks.)}} |
| − | #: {{ux|dv|For '''back'''. |(IBA_37_Buhari-Returns_DG__162, At the back.)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Naim we dey for '''back'''. |(ABJ_INF_09b_Old-Time-School_M__75, So we were at the back.)}}
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| − | # - (frequency:50)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Make he give you '''back'''. |(ONI_18a_Kanpatakwa_M__84, Later we will give you back.)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|, jaw, neck, '''back''' and abdomen |(bbc__80351, __no translation__)}}
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| − | # nmod:poss (frequency:44)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|I dey your '''back'''. |(JOS_26_Small-Talk_DG__76, I am in support of you.)}} | |
| − | #: {{ux|dv|E dey your '''back'''. |(BEN_15a_Theology-Demons_DG__156, He's at your back.)}}
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| − | # case-det (frequency:12)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|comot peel am from di '''back'''. |(NST_cleaned__35665, __no translation__)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|And at di '''back''' she come just tear di ting. |(JOS_10_Mothers-Against-Mini-Skirts_DG__27, Then at the back, she tore the skirt.)}}
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| − | # det-nmod (frequency:12)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|na di '''back''' of e house na im e go put road. |(deuber__5528, __no translation__)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Di '''back''' from dat private visit wey ein dey enjoy now for London. |(ja102__1670, __no translation__)}}
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| − | # det (frequency:11)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Dat '''back'''. |(IBA_09_Leon-And-Amos_DG__270, That back.)}} | |
| − | #: {{ux|dv|So dat di '''back''' go comot. |(KAD_11_Edikaikong-Gbegiri_M__65, So that the coat will be removed.)}}
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| − | # case-nmod (frequency:9)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|I come hide for '''back''' of one tree wey fall. |(jw__2747, __no translation__)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Dem handcuff Dzamara, bundle am put for '''back''' of car. |(bbc__29233, __no translation__)}}
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| − | # cc (frequency:7)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|E carry am for front, and '''back'''. |(ENU_23_Chizom-Talk_DG__63, She has it in front and behind.)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|The paper dey their front and '''back'''. |(jw__10792, __no translation__)}}
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| − | # nmod (frequency:5)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|na '''back''' of e house e go make am |(deuber__5532, __no translation__)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Di man look up, look down, look left, right, front, '''back''', |(BEN_19a_Man-Must-Wack_DG__81, The man looked up, looked down, looked left, right, front, and back.)}}
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| − | # conj (frequency:3) | |
| − | #: {{ux|dv|Na so the two of them muscle chuk comot for them '''back''' and leg as them hold each other. |(katakata__394, __no translation__)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Violet wey don born two pikin, say she dey get issues like '''back''' and shoulder pain plus di weight of di breasts wey she say dey heavy well-well. |(bbc__97825, __no translation__)}} | |
| − | # amod-det (frequency:2)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|But e no last, dem sack di former right- '''back''' afta three months, afta im win just three out of im sixteen games in charge. |(bbc__22612, __no translation__)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|The Catalan club try wella dis summer to kolobi the Brazilian '''back''' enter the Nou Camp but dem no succeed as the transfer deadline bin pass on Monday. |(brila__1572, __no translation__)}}
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| − | # case-obj (frequency:2)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Real Madrid na di only club wey carri Champions League three times '''back''' to '''back''' New coach, new record |(bbc__84716, __no translation__)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Di match against Nigeria na di fourth International competition wey dem go bench Nikola Kalinic '''back''' to '''back''' Dem don send Croatia striker Nikola Kalinic comot di team go house afta im no gree enta as substitute during dia 2-0 win game wit Nigeria for Russia. |(bbc__35991, __no translation__)}}
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| − | # conj-det (frequency:2)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Dis '''back''' and front tok-tok between di two powerful govnors wey dey different political parties, na anoda sign of di kain religious tension wey no dey hard to spark for Nigeria. |(bbc__40310, __no translation__)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Dis '''back''' and front, front and '''back''' between government and oil workers dey confuse Nigerians because one of di promises dis present government talk for di 2015 election wey dem win na to ban fuel subsidy. |(bbc__40311, __no translation__)}}
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| − | | |
| − | ====Derived forms====
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| − | | |
| − | * [[back ache|back ache]]
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| − | | |
| − | #: {{ux|dv|Wen woman start to complain of back ache, bra lines, injury. |(bbc__7591, __no translation__)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Centre for Disease Control, CDC write say signs for monkey-pox na, fever, headache, muscle pain, back ache, cold and tiredness. |(bbc__24990, __no translation__)}}
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| − | * [[back door|back door]]
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Di back door of di plane wey bin carry passengers bin dey shake through out di flight. |(bbc__33218, __no translation__)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Dana Air Di Dana Airline aeroplane wey im back door bin fall as im dey land don return to work. |(bbc__26824, __no translation__)}}
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| − | * [[back gidigba|back gidigba]]
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Di tok vex many pipo, plus including supporters wey dey always follow am for back gidigba. |(bbc__38978, __no translation__)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|In one week I go say sometin because di fans don dey my back gidigba since and dem dey my heart. |(bbc__4530, __no translation__)}}
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| − | | |
| | ====Synonyms==== | | ====Synonyms==== |
| − | * return 0.60 976, home 0.56 569, again 0.52 3160, out 0.52 3110, down 0.51 2093, outside 0.50 702, then 0.49 427, later 0.48 1056, meet 0.47 1651 | + | * [[nyash]], [[backyard]] |
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| | ====Antonyms==== | | ====Antonyms==== |
| − | * return 0.60 976, home 0.56 569, again 0.52 3160, out 0.52 3110, down 0.51 2093, outside 0.50 702, then 0.49 427, later 0.48 1056, meet 0.47 1651 | + | * [[front]] |
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| | ====Translations==== | | ====Translations==== |
| − | * English: no definition | + | * English: ''back'' |
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| − | ===Preposition===
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| − | back: no definition -- Definition in Naija?
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| − | | |
| − | # - (frequency:9)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Na dem pick people say you travel go learn come '''back'''. |(WAZP_04_Ponzi-Scheme_MG__81, They picked people and said You, travel, go learn and come back.)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|When God give dis power '''back''', dominion over everything, woman never comot. |(JOS_27_Man-And-Woman_DG__187, When God gave this power about dominion over everything, woman was yet to come out.)}}
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| − | ====Derived forms====
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| − | ====Synonyms====
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| − | * return 0.60 976, home 0.56 569, again 0.52 3160, out 0.52 3110, down 0.51 2093, outside 0.50 702, then 0.49 427, later 0.48 1056, meet 0.47 1651
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| − | | |
| − | ====Antonyms====
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| − | * return 0.60 976, home 0.56 569, again 0.52 3160, out 0.52 3110, down 0.51 2093, outside 0.50 702, then 0.49 427, later 0.48 1056, meet 0.47 1651
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| | | | |
| | + | ===Verb=== |
| | + | # Make dem support person. |
| | + | #:* {{ux|dv|Britain Prime Minister Theresa May don promise Tory MPs say she go stand down if dem '''back''' her Brexit deal.|(bbc__85133, The Prime minister of Britain has promised Tory MPs that she will stand down if they support her Brexit deal.)}} |
| | + | #:* {{ux|dv| We dey '''back''' am because we know sey im be better person.|( We are supporting him because we know that he is a good person.)}} |
| | + | # Make person no gree support person. |
| | + | #:* {{ux|dv| Oga why you '''back''' am now?|( Boss, why did you turn your back on him.)}} |
| | + | #:* {{ux|dv| You know sey dis idiot '''back''' me, chop everyting finish? |(NST_cleaned__38702, Do you know that I was rejected by this idiot, after squandering everything?)}} |
| | + | # When dem carry pikin or person for back. |
| | + | #:* {{ux|dv| E dey dey good make mama '''back''' deir [[pikin]].|(NSC_2021, It is good for mothers to carry their children on their back.)}} |
| | + | ====Related forms==== |
| | + | * [[backyard]] |
| | ====Translations==== | | ====Translations==== |
| − | * English: no definition | + | * English: ''support, reject, to carry a child on the back'' |
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| − | ===Verb===
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| − | back: no definition, back_up -- Definition in Naija?
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| − | | |
| − | | |
| − | # mark-obj (frequency:5)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|May win di vote by 325 to 306 but she neva get lawmakers dem to '''back''' her Brexit plan. |(bbc__66111, __no translation__)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Cox say im decision to '''back''' di Brexit deal na about political mata and im dey ginger oda lawmakers make dem follow '''back''' di deal. |(bbc__26402, __no translation__)}}
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| − | # mark-nsubj-obj (frequency:3)
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|You know sey dis idiot '''back''' me, chop everyting finish. |(NST_cleaned__38702, __no translation__)}}
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| − | #: {{ux|dv|Reuters Britain Prime Minister Theresa May don promise Tory MPs say she go stand down if dem '''back''' her Brexit deal. |(bbc__85133, __no translation__)}}
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| − | # to carry pikin beh
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| − | ====Derived forms====
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| − | ====Synonyms====
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| − | * return 0.60 976, home 0.56 569, again 0.52 3160, out 0.52 3110, down 0.51 2093, outside 0.50 702, then 0.49 427, later 0.48 1056, meet 0.47 1651
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| − | | |
| − | ====Antonyms====
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| − | * return 0.60 976, home 0.56 569, again 0.52 3160, out 0.52 3110, down 0.51 2093, outside 0.50 702, then 0.49 427, later 0.48 1056, meet 0.47 1651
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| | | | |
| | + | ===Adverb=== |
| | + | # Where person/someting from dey come. |
| | + | #:*{{ux|dv| Go '''back'''.|(bbc__54302, Go back.)}} |
| | + | #:*{{ux|dv| No go '''back'''.|(IBA_06_Linguistic-Fieldwork_DG__271, Don't go back.)}} |
| | + | # Sey dem return someting to person. |
| | + | #:*{{ux|dv| Give am '''back''' im money o, I don comot hand for una matter.| (NSC_2021, Give him back his money, I am no longer involved in the matter.)}} |
| | + | ====Related forms==== |
| | + | * [[backyard]], [[face back]] |
| | ====Translations==== | | ====Translations==== |
| − | * English: no definition, back_up | + | * English: ''back'' |